Olanrewaju, A; Tan, Y Y and Soh, S N (2022) Defect characterisations in the Malaysian affordable housing. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 40(4), pp. 539-568. ISSN 23984708
Abstract
Purpose: The successive Malaysian government aims to provide housing to households earning the median income and below. However, there has been continuous criticism and complaints from the media and literature on the magnitude of the defects in affordable housing. Therefore, this research has investigated the defects in affordable housing for the users'/occupants' perspectives. Design/methodology/approach: With a response rate of 69%, the research developed a questionnaire instrument that included twenty-one defects in buildings based on literature and observation. These were scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from very common to least common. Twelve causes of defects measured on a five-point scale were included in the survey. Thirteen additional items that had to do with remedial actions to reduce defects were included. These were scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly agree to least agree. The survey forms were administered to all the 152 home occupants in a Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) housing estate through hand delivery in a northern state in Malaysia. Findings: The data revealed that broken doors, damaged roofs, damp walls and broken tiles in rooms were the most common defects in the housing development. It was found that defects in the buildings were caused by poor workmanship, defective materials, poor designs and bad weather. Additionally, to rectify the defects, adequate supervision is required during maintenance, the repairs must be conducted on time and there is a need to have competent maintenance organisations. Through factor analysis, the 21 defects were structured into six factors, the 12 causes were grouped into 5 factors and the 13 remedial actions were grouped into 6 factors. Practical implications: The information on the nature, degree and kinds of defects from the users' perspectives will dictate when repair work is to be undertaken and allow future work to be programmed and financed as part of a maintenance rolling programme. Originality/value: This research focused specifically on “Program Perumahan Rakyat” housing development. Furthermore, none of the previous research on defects conducted attempted to categorise the defects in the buildings. The categorisation is very important for systemic decision-making because there are continuous interactions amongst the defects, causes and remedial actions.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | building performance; low-cost housing; maintenance cost; new buildings; satisfaction |
| Index terms: | satisfaction, Malaysia, factor analysis, media, household, income, affordable housing, maintenance cost, supervision, roof, interaction, housing estate, programme, housing development, survey, low-cost housing, complaint, building performance, Likert scale, questionnaire, program, decision-making, methodology, weather, workmanship, housing, repair |
| Subjects: | maintenance engineering, research methods, software systems, design practice, financial management, economic development, Geography, contractual condition, sociology, decision analysis, conflict resolution, project controls, demography, housing and residential development, statistical analysis, behavioral psychology, quality assurance, air quality, construction type, data collection methods, control systems, economic analysis, project delivery |
| Topics: | Stakeholder Management, Risk Management, Sustainability, Construction Technology, Business Strategy, Geographical Context, Project Management, Research Practice, Time Control, Contract Administration, Urban Studies, Digital Applications, Design Practice, Quality Management |
| Descriptive scope: | 5 PCTEA |
N.B. Descriptive scope is a count of how many of the five facets of empirical research are indicated by the words used in title, abstract and keywords. It is not intended as a judgement on the research; merely a count of the kind of word we would expect to indicate Phenomenon, Concepts, Theoretical framing, Empirical techniques, Analytical techniques. If all five are present, then a code of “5 PCTEA” will indicate this. If you feel the coding for this record is questionable, we welcome discussion around the terms we matched or the way we categorized them. The facet you would expect may not be coded, or a facet may be coded inappropriately. This can also bear on a larger question, of which facets should be treated as defining in construction management research. Please get in touch, and we will look at it. More details here