Hirano, S; Kayumba, E; Grafweg, A and Kelman, I (2011) Developing Rwanda's schools infrastructure standards and guidelines. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(1), pp. 30-46. ISSN 1759-5916
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to share the experience of those directly involved in drafting the new national school infrastructure standards and guidelines for Rwanda. Design/methodology/approach: The process that was followed in Rwanda, the successes, and the challenges to overcome are reported from the field experience of those involved in the process. Findings: Despite a devastating genocide in 1994 and faced with continual underdevelopment and resource challenges, the commitment of Rwandans to safe and quality education illustrates how much can be achieved. Research limitations/implications: The focus of the work in Rwanda was practical, yet this paper reports fundamental data from the field which are analysed within wider contexts. Practical implications: Rwanda is making progress towards its medium-term education goals, based on international standards and agreements. The lessons can apply to other locations to avoid some of the pitfalls that Rwanda experienced. Social implications: If progress towards safe and quality education in Rwanda continues at the same pace for the next several years, then the country will have a baseline educated population from which to continue the efforts towards development. Originality/value: The case study of Rwanda is relatively unique in the literature. The process followed is fairly standard for development work, but has value in indicating that it can be successful, especially with regards to inclusiveness, in a post-political violence context.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | developing countries; education; international standards; Rwanda; schools |
| Index terms: | agreements, drafting, case study, population, methodology, commitment, Rwanda, developing country |
| Subjects: | data collection methods, technical documentation, psychology, contract formation, research methods, development economics, Geography, demography |
| Topics: | Contract Administration, Organizational Design, Urban Studies, Design Practice, International Construction, Research Practice, Geographical Context |
| Descriptive scope: | 4 PCTE |
N.B. Descriptive scope is a count of how many of the five facets of empirical research are indicated by the words used in title, abstract and keywords. It is not intended as a judgement on the research; merely a count of the kind of word we would expect to indicate Phenomenon, Concepts, Theoretical framing, Empirical techniques, Analytical techniques. If all five are present, then a code of “5 PCTEA” will indicate this. If you feel the coding for this record is questionable, we welcome discussion around the terms we matched or the way we categorized them. The facet you would expect may not be coded, or a facet may be coded inappropriately. This can also bear on a larger question, of which facets should be treated as defining in construction management research. Please get in touch, and we will look at it. More details here