Neural networks as tools in construction

The competitive and risk-averse nature of the construction industry and its heuristic problem-solving needs, among other reasons, have contributed to the development of nontraditional decision-making tools. Research in artificial intelligence (AI), a branch of computer science, has provided more suitable tools to the construction industry. Expert systems have steadily been introduced for different applications in the industry. However, the performance of these systems during the last decade, is far from ideal. Neural networks research in AI has recently provided powerful systems that work as a supplement or a complement to such conventional expert systems. In this paper, neural networks are introduced as a promising management tool that can enhance current automation efforts in the construction industry, including expert systems applications. Basic neural network architectures are described, and their potential applications in construction engineering and management discussed. A neural network application is developed for optimum markup estimation. Future possibilities of integrating neural networks and expert systems as a basis for developing efficient intelligent systems are described.