Conceptualizing the phenomenon of construction industrialization: linking theory and practice through a cross-sector case study

This study examines the intersection between Practitioner and Academic perspectives on the Construction Industrialization (CI) phenomenon. The goal was to understand the prevailing perspectives of how CI is perceived, how it is performed, and what benefits it is expected to offer. The study begins with a literature review, followed by an exploratory multiple-case study encompassing the Architecture, Engineering, Traditional Construction, and Manufactured Construction sectors. Within-case and cross-case analyses were performed, leading to 10 new insights that elaborate the theoretical understanding of the phenomenon. An important conclusion is the criticism of the interchangeable terms of Off-site Production, Modular Construction, or Prefabricated Construction as being insufficient to conceptualize CI across the four sectors. This article proposes a more comprehensive conceptualization that challenges current definitions. It distinguishes between the Constructive System and the Productive System; it redirects the CI theory toward a constant process of technical and sociocultural change; and it emphasizes the importance of societal sustainable development beyond productivity. This article represents the first attempt to conceptualize the CI phenomenon bridging the theory-practice gap. It seeks to stimulate further research and create new debates about the phenomenon.