Metrics for building component disassembly potential: A practical framework

Reduction of virgin building material resources through design for disassembly (DfD) is pivotal in transitioning into a low-carbon, circular construction. However, the lack of standardised, quantifiable disassembly potential (DP) assessment methods presents a challenge for the broader adoption of reuse practical applications. Most widely referenced existing DP assessment methods are not applicable in early building-design phases, as they require detailed information typically not available until later design phases. As a result, it is challenging to conduct DP assessment in parallel with life-cycle assessment that must be started early on to ensure that a building’s carbon footprint will not exceed a limit value. The relevance for new quantifiable, holistic methods is highlighted in the existing literature. A novel streamlined method is presented for assessing buildings’ DP based on the quantities of building materials, and their distribution to structures and assemblies. The findings indicate that a material layer-dependent assessment of DP offers advantages over existing methods. PRACTICE RELEVANCE A more accessible, scalable and reliable DP assessment framework is essential for reducing demolition waste, extending material life-cycles, and cutting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with future building component production. To maximise GHG reductions, DfD should be considered from the early design phases. The findings indicate that the developed DP assessment method aligns more closely with expert assessment than existing methods, while remaining streamlined. Additionally, three case studies are evaluated to ensure the proposed method’s feasibility and demonstrate its results. By integrating DfD considerations into the early design process, the construction industry can advance towards more circular and resource-efficient practices, ultimately reducing the environmental impact of the built environment.