Framework applied to process modeling in municipal management of construction waste

In order to effectively reduce the environmental impacts of solid waste in Brazil, Federal Law 12.305/2010, introduced the National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP), and CONAMA Resolution No. 307/2002, which establishes municipal public authorities the responsibility in creating the conditions necessary for the proper management of construction and demolition waste (C&D waste). Waste management may be improved by the use of tools, such as process modeling, that can identify, measure, and analyze the functioning of C&D waste management processes. Therefore, a case study developed in Lençóis Paulista - São Paulo State, was used to develop a specific modeling process framework for the municipal management of C&D waste. The functioning and logic of the processes and activities, from the generation of waste to its final disposal, were identified. The work was divided into four specific objectives. First, a bibliometric analysis was performed. However, no studies were found that addressed process modeling concomitant with municipal C&D waste management. Second, an overview of São Paulo State’s C&D waste management data was developed using data extracted from the National Sanitation Information System. Waste collection and transport service have been performed by three different agents: collection companies, the municipal government, and waste generators. In 163 locations, the municipality is the only agent that executes the Waste collection. 5.4 million tons (158 kg/capita/year) of C&D waste were collected. Third, the architecture framework, which included 5 stages with 12 substeps, was implemented. The structure was proposed seeking the total implementation of CONAMA Resolution nº 307/2002 and the instruments and rules that govern C&D waste management. Fourth, a framework application case study was developed to identify the seven C&D waste management processes (As-Is modelling). Finally, the system deficiencies and improvements (To-Be modeling) were identified, resulting in eight processes. Based on the study, the framework has practical applicability and functionality, and its implementation results in increased productivity and recycling rates and improved recycled product quality. The developed framework is an instrument that can be applied by municipalities that seek to adapt the management of C&D waste to legal criteria with focus on process efficiency and reduction of environmental impacts.