Shelake, A G and Gogate, N G (2026) An integrated risk prioritization and determination of activity-wise delay (irpad) framework for enhancing schedule management in tunnel projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 33(1), pp. 763-784. ISSN 0969-9988
Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for addressing delays in tunnel construction projects by leveraging predictable risk factors. Tunnel projects often encounter scheduling delays due to inherent complexities and uncertainties, necessitating a proactive approach to prevent project underperformance. Design/methodology/approach – The integrated risk prioritization and determination of activity-wise delay (IRPAD) framework is divided into four phases: identification and prioritization of risk factors, determination of activity-wise risk coefficients using MCDM-based methodology, obtaining the critical risk path, and developing an activity-wise risk matrix. Fault tree analysis (FTA) and event tree analysis (ETA) are employed to determine activity-wise risk coefficients based on expert responses. Findings – The framework's applicability in Indian tunnel projects is demonstrated through a real-world case study with 95% validation accuracy. The IRPAD framework enhances the delay analysis process and facilitates the provision of effective activity-wise mitigation measures. Practical implications – The IRPAD framework predicts delays in infrastructure projects thus enhancing resilience and sustainability, supporting SDGs 9 and 11. It can be applied to a wide range of construction projects to improve project performance. Originality/value – This research introduces novel concepts such as the three fold activity-wise risk matrix and the critical risk path, contributing to the development of the IRPAD framework for delay reduction. This framework offers valuable insights to practitioners in the construction industry.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | activity-wise risk matrix; critical risk path; irpad framework; risk-based delay analysis; scheduling; tunnel projects |
| Index terms: | tunnel construction, case study, project performance, risk factor, infrastructure project, construction industry, tunnel, scheduling, accuracy, construction project, methodology, validation, practitioner, fault-tree analysis, delay analysis, mitigation, risk prioritization, complexity |
| Subjects: | risk management, data collection methods, systems engineering, industry analysis, infrastructure and transport systems, project controls, project management theory and practice, professional development, civil engineering, operations research, practitioner, environmental hazards, financial risk, production management, research methods |
| Topics: | Sustainability, Engineering Principles, Project Management, Time Control, Roles and Professions, Information Management, Research Practice, Cost Management |
| Descriptive scope: | 4 PCTE |
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