Integrating ar and 4D-BIM for dynamic hazard management in construction projects

This research introduces an innovative approach to construction safety by leveraging immersive technologies. It addresses the challenge of evolving hazards throughout a project's lifecycle, with some hazards diminishing upon completion while new ones emerge. The proposed framework integrates Augmented Reality (AR), 4-Dimensional Building Information Modeling (4D-BIM), and project scheduling to manage these dynamic changes by automatically identifying fall-related hazards associated with structural elements in the BIM model, incorporating the project schedule, and providing safety information through AR, excluding external areas and other hazards like fire or electrocution. The framework includes two main modules: the Rule Checking and Simulation Module and the AR Module. The first module uses the Rule Module and BIM Module to identify hazardous areas and plan safety inspections by employing 4D-BIM. Safety information and tasks are updated in the project schedule, and QR codes are generated for hazardous areas. The AR Module provides safety information to inspectors and workers through QR code scans, presenting regulations and equipment need. The results represented that the framework effectively identified hazards and enhanced safety instructions through AR. While the framework was applied to a residential building, this approach could be scaled to other projects like commercial and infrastructural projects for verification.