Preservation strategies for historic timber mosques: Structural integrity assessment on masjid jamek an nur, Batu Pahat, Johor

This study addresses the critical need for preservation strategies to protect the Masjid Jamek An Nur in Kampung Patah Pedang, Batu Pahat, Johor and similar timber mosques from decay and neglect. Utilising building checklist assessment (BCA) methodology, this study thoroughly documented the condition of the mosque and identified a significant array of timber defects, including cracks, insect attacks and rot. The findings revealed that 30 structural elements (17 columns and 13 roof beams) were compromised, underlining the vulnerability of the mosque to structural failures. Severe weathering contributed to the most critical defects, with cracks alone constituting 38.27% of the defects. Through ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) testing, an analysis of the modulus of elasticity (MoE) revealed further structural vulnerabilities. Specifically, decay-induced compromise was detected in 43.63% of the columns tested, whereas the other columns displayed robust MoE values, representing 21.35% of the total tested. Notably, all roof beams met or exceeded the minimum MoE standards, boasting an average index of 16, 721 MPa, indicating a satisfactory condition. Despite this, the study emphasises the urgent need for maintenance and repair interventions to prevent ongoing deterioration. It advocates the implementation of strategic repair strategies, including preservative treatments and innovative techniques, to ensure the structural longevity and continued cultural relevance of timber mosques. By adopting these recommendations, stakeholders can preserve invaluable cultural artifacts for future generations, thereby, continuing the historical legacy.