Bibliometric review of gyroscopic mechanisms for adaptive indoor environmental quality control in buildings

Purpose – This study investigates how adaptive gyroscopic systems can improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and support low-energy building performance in Sub-Saharan Africa. The region faces persistent heat stress and unreliable electricity, and most buildings rely on passive strategies that cannot adjust to changing conditions. The study addresses the lack of research connecting gyroscopic mechanisms to climate-responsive design in this context. Design/methodology/approach – A bibliometric review supported by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was conducted using Scopus publications from 2003 to 2024. Keyword co-occurrence, citation mapping, and thematic clustering were used to examine research on thermal comfort, ventilation, adaptive shading, energy use, and emerging gyroscopic or AI-assisted control systems. Findings – The analysis shows growing interest in adaptive environmental control, though direct building applications of gyroscopic systems remain limited. Two main clusters emerged: one focused on IEQ performance (thermal comfort, ventilation, energy efficiency) and another on regional sustainability themes. Evidence suggests that gyroscopic mechanisms, especially when paired with lightweight AI tools, can support airflow regulation, sun-responsive shading, and simple energy-management functions suited to low-energy buildings. Research limitations/implications – Further prototype development and real-world testing are needed. Practical implications – Gyroscopic systems can strengthen passive strategies without relying on mechanical cooling. Social implications – More stable indoor conditions can improve comfort and daily well-being in heat-stressed communities. Originality/value – This study is among the first to link adaptive gyroscopic systems with IEQ and low-energy performance in Sub-Saharan Africa.