Stocks, S N and Singh, A (1999) Studies on the impact of functional analysis concept design on reduction in change orders. Construction Management and Economics, 17(3), pp. 251-267. ISSN 01446193
Abstract
Functional analysis concept design (FACD) is a method by which owners and designers can 'partner' during the design phase of projects. Much has been written and reported about partnering on construction projects, but little is available on the applications and results of FACD. While FACD has been mentioned in the literature to be a valuable tool, evidence on its effectiveness has been missing. Consequently, FACD has not hitherto emerged as a common management system used during design. Management processes on its implementation also had not been developed fully until the United States Navy carried out research, much involving tedious trials and revisions. This paper describes processes that have been found suitable. The economic benefits of FACD have never been directly evaluated, but by examining and testing the quantum of change orders on projects, this study finds that FACD is a viable method that can reduce construction costs overall. Whereas value engineering and constructability review are other common tools, FACD is distinct from them both. FACD is allied to functional analysis system technique (FAST); regulations, and specifications have been developed to implement FACD to ensure its success.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | anova; cost; change orders; design; fast; functional analysis |
| Index terms: | construction project, evidence, regulation, value engineering, United States, specification, management system, constructability, implementation, testing, effectiveness, design phase, concept design, construction cost, owner, change order, designer, partnering |
| Subjects: | professional practice, contractual arrangements, financial and cost management, evaluation and assessment methods, profession, value management, partnership management, sociology, political science, management, construction integration, performance management, production management, Geography, contractual condition, design process |
| Topics: | Organizational Design, Contract Administration, Design Practice, Quality Management, Roles and Professions, Stakeholder Management, Procurement, Governance, Cost Management, Project Management, Geographical Context, Research Practice, Engineering Principles |
| Descriptive scope: | 3 PCA |
N.B. Descriptive scope is a count of how many of the five facets of empirical research are indicated by the words used in title, abstract and keywords. It is not intended as a judgement on the research; merely a count of the kind of word we would expect to indicate Phenomenon, Concepts, Theoretical framing, Empirical techniques, Analytical techniques. If all five are present, then a code of “5 PCTEA” will indicate this. If you feel the coding for this record is questionable, we welcome discussion around the terms we matched or the way we categorized them. The facet you would expect may not be coded, or a facet may be coded inappropriately. This can also bear on a larger question, of which facets should be treated as defining in construction management research. Please get in touch, and we will look at it. More details here